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    Pharmacology Exam 2 (Dallas University) Proctored Exam

    The nurse is assuming care of a client being admitting for Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Which IV insulin should the nurse expect to give?

    Explanation & Rationale

    Rationale: A. Glargine: Glargine is a long-acting basal insulin that provides a steady background insulin level over 24 hours. It is not suitable for acute management of DKA because it has a slow onset and cannot rapidly reduce the high blood glucose and ketone levels seen in this emergency. B. Lispro: Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin used to control postprandial glucose spikes. While effective for meal-related glucose management, it does not provide the continuous, titratable insulin needed in the intravenous management of DKA. C. Regular: Regular insulin is short-acting and can be administered intravenously, allowing for rapid and precise titration of blood glucose. IV regular insulin is the preferred choice in DKA to quickly lower glucose levels, suppress ketone production, and correct acidosis while allowing close monitoring and dose adjustments. D. NPH: NPH is an intermediate-acting insulin with a delayed onset and peak at 4–12 hours, making it unsuitable for the immediate insulin needs in DKA. Its pharmacokinetics do not allow for rapid correction of hyperglycemia or ketoacidosis.

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