The nurse is caring for a client who has just returned to the room from having hemodialysis. The nurse is advised to evaluate the client for "disequilibrium syndrome." What will the nurse assess for in this client to identify this complication?

A. Weight gain with decreased serum sodium: While fluid overload and hyponatremia can occur in clients with renal failure, disequilibrium syndrome is not caused by excess fluid but by rapid shifts in solutes during hemodialysis. Weight gain is not an acute marker for this complication. B. Tachycardia and increased blood pressure: Hemodynamic instability during dialysis usually presents as hypotension rather than hypertension. Tachycardia and hypertension are more characteristic of fluid overload or anxiety rather than disequilibrium syndrome. C. Bradycardia dysrhythmia with irregular pulse: Cardiac arrhythmias can occur due to electrolyte imbalances, particularly hyperkalemia, but they are not the hallmark features of disequilibrium syndrome, which primarily affects the central nervous system. D. Confusion and decreased blood pressure: Disequilibrium syndrome occurs when rapid removal of urea during hemodialysis creates an osmotic gradient between the plasma and brain tissue, causing cerebral edema. This leads to neurologic manifestations such as confusion, headache, nausea, and in severe cases, seizures. These are key findings for early identification