The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure. Which of these prescribed medications places the client at risk for cardiogenic shock?

A. Digoxin. Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that helps increase the force of myocardial contraction and is generally used to treat heart failure. It does not typically pose a significant risk for cardiogenic shock. B. Hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic used to manage fluid retention in heart failure. It can cause electrolyte imbalances but is not directly linked to causing cardiogenic shock. C. Nadolol. Nadolol is a beta-blocker, which can reduce the heart rate and the strength of heart contractions. In a client with severe heart failure, excessive beta-blockade can lead to a significant decrease in cardiac output, increasing the risk for cardiogenic shock. D. Captopril. Captopril is an ACE inhibitor that helps manage heart failure by reducing afterload and preload. While it can cause hypotension, it is not typically associated with a direct risk of cardiogenic shock.