The nurse is caring for a patient admitted with new onset of slurred speech, facial droop, and left-sided weakness hours ago. Diagnostic computed tomography scan rules out the presence of an intracranial bleed. Which actions are most important to include in the patient's plan of care? (Select all that apply!
Explanation & Rationale
A. Make frequent neurological assessments: Ongoing neurological assessments allow early detection of changes in level of consciousness, motor strength, speech, or pupil response. These findings help evaluate stroke progression and response to interventions. Frequent monitoring supports timely escalation of care if deterioration occurs. B. Maintain MAP less than 150 mm Hg: Blood pressure management in acute ischemic stroke is guided by specific parameters, especially if thrombolytics are considered. Excessive lowering of blood pressure can reduce cerebral perfusion to ischemic tissue. A strict MAP less than 150 mm Hg is not a standard priority goal in this context. C. Restrain affected limb to prevent injury: Restraining a limb can increase agitation, reduce mobility, and raise the risk of injury or skin breakdown. Supportive positioning and safety measures are preferred over restraints. Therapeutic handling promotes circulation and recovery. D. Prepare for thrombolytic administration: With intracranial hemorrhage ruled out, preparation for thrombolytic therapy becomes a priority if the patient meets eligibility criteria. Timely administration improves cerebral perfusion and neurological outcomes. Nursing actions include IV access, labs, and close monitoring. E. Maintain CO₂ level at 50 mm Hg: Elevated carbon dioxide levels cause cerebral vasodilation, which can increase intracranial pressure. Stroke care focuses on maintaining normal oxygenation and ventilation. Hypercapnia is not a therapeutic goal in acute stroke management.