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    Pediatric nursing proctored exam - Nightingale college
    Select All That Apply

    The nurse is caring fora postpartum patient who has been advised to give expressed breast milk to the newborn. Which should the nurse tell the patient about the use and storage of expressed milk? Select all that apply.

    Explanation & Rationale

    A. "Store breast milk in serving sizes of 2 to 4 ounces.": Dividing expressed milk into small portions prevents waste and allows the infant to consume an appropriate amount per feeding. It also facilitates easier thawing and reduces the risk of contamination. B. "Never refreeze thawed breast milk.": Once breast milk has been thawed, it should be used within 24 hours and never refrozen. Refreezing can degrade nutrients and increase the risk of bacterial growth, compromising the safety and quality of the milk. C. "Always heat frozen milk in the microwave.": Microwaving is not recommended because it can create hot spots that burn the infant’s mouth and destroy beneficial immunologic components. Milk should be warmed gently using a water bath or bottle warmer. D. "Wash your hands before pumping breast milk.": Proper hand hygiene is essential to prevent contamination of expressed milk. Washing hands before pumping reduces the risk of introducing bacteria into the milk, maintaining infant safety. E. "Never store breast milk with other food items.": Breast milk can safely be stored alongside other foods in a refrigerator or freezer, provided it is in clean, sealed containers. Separation is not required.

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