The nurse is continuing to assist in the care of the client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

The client is demonstrating acute delirium in the ICU, likely related to severe infection (possible postoperative wound infection progressing to sepsis), hypoxia risk, and multiple sensory impairments such as visual and hearing loss. Delirium is characterized by fluctuating confusion, disorientation, hallucinations, and altered attention. Management focuses on identifying and treating the underlying cause while providing a calm, structured, and orienting environment. Nursing interventions prioritize safety, reorientation, sensory support, and emotional reassurance. Rationale: A. Maintaining a well-lit environment helps reduce visual misinterpretations and hallucinations commonly seen in delirium. Adequate lighting decreases shadows that may be misinterpreted as threatening stimuli, especially in clients with visual impairment. A stable, well-lit setting promotes orientation and reduces anxiety and agitation. B. Reorienting the client often is essential because delirium involves fluctuating confusion and disorganized thinking. Frequent reminders of time, place, and situation help reduce disorientation and anxiety. Consistent reorientation supports cognitive grounding and helps the client regain awareness of reality. C. Requesting that the client have the same caregivers with every shift promotes consistency and familiarity, which helps reduce confusion and agitation. Continuity of care decreases environmental stressors and improves trust in caregivers. This is especially beneficial in delirious clients who struggle with frequent changes in staff and routine. D. Asking the client's partner to stay with the client as much as possible provides comfort, familiarity, and emotional reassurance. Family presence can reduce agitation, improve orientation, and help calm hallucinations or delusional thinking. Familiar voices and presence are grounding factors in delirium management. E. Requesting that the client's family bring eyeglasses from home addresses sensory deprivation, which can worsen delirium. Visual impairment increases misinterpretation of surroundings and contributes to hallucinations. Restoring vision improves environmental awareness and helps the client interpret reality more accurately. F. Providing detailed information about what to expect during care is not appropriate during acute delirium because the client has impaired attention and cognition. Complex explanations may increase confusion and agitation rather than reduce it. Education is more appropriate once delirium resolves and cognition stabilizes. G. Writing the full date on the client's whiteboard helps reinforce orientation to time, which is commonly impaired in delirium. Visual cues serve as constant reminders of current temporal context and support cognitive reorientation. This simple environmental modification is an effective non-pharmacological intervention. H. Acknowledging the client’s feelings is therapeutic because it validates emotional distress without reinforcing hallucinations or delusions. This helps reduce anxiety and agitation while maintaining trust between the nurse and client. Emotional support is a key component of delirium management alongside reorientation and safety measures.