The nurse is continuing to assist with the care of the client. Drag words from the choices below to fill in each blank in the following sentence. The complications that the client is at greatest risk for developing are dropdownanddropdown.
Explanation & Rationale
The client presents with severe hypertension, proteinuria, hyperreflexia, edema, and elevated liver enzymes, all consistent with worsening preeclampsia with risk for end-organ involvement. Severe preeclampsia can rapidly progress to eclampsia (seizures) and placental abruption due to poor placental perfusion and vascular instability. Early recognition of these complications is critical for maternal and fetal safety. Rationale for correct choices: • Seizures are the defining feature of eclampsia, which is a severe complication of preeclampsia. The client already demonstrates severe hypertension, hyperreflexia (4+ reflexes), and proteinuria, indicating significant central nervous system irritability. These findings increase the risk of cerebral edema and seizure activity. Without prompt management, preeclampsia can progress to eclampsia, which is life-threatening for both mother and fetus. • Placental abruption is a serious complication of preeclampsia caused by vasospasm and impaired placental perfusion leading to premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall. Severe hypertension and endothelial damage increase this risk. Although fetal status is currently stable, the underlying vascular instability places the client at high risk. Abruptions can lead to fetal distress, hemorrhage, and maternal instability. Rationale for incorrect choices: • Cervical insufficiency is a structural problem of the cervix that leads to painless cervical dilation and preterm birth, typically unrelated to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. This client’s condition is driven by vascular and systemic endothelial dysfunction rather than cervical weakness. There ae no cervical changes or painless dilation in the assessment. Therefore, it is not a likely complication. • Although preeclampsia can cause fluid shifts and increased vascular resistance, this client does not show clinical signs of cardiac failure such as pulmonary edema, crackles, or decreased oxygenation. Oxygen saturation is normal, and lung sounds are normal. Although edema is present, it is more consistent with preeclampsia-related fluid retention. • Hypoglycemia is not associated with preeclampsia or hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The client’s blood glucose is within normal limits, and there is no evidence of insulin use or fasting state contributing to low blood sugar. The symptoms and laboratory findings are unrelated to glucose metabolism. Therefore, hypoglycemia is not a relevant complication.