The nurse is providing education to a patient about the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following are direct risk factors for the development of AKI that the nurse should include in the patient teaching? Directions for drag and drop: Click your answer choice from the possible answers box on the left and drag to the Selected Answers box on the right.

A. Alcohol use: While excessive alcohol use can contribute to chronic liver disease and dehydration, it is not considered a direct primary risk factor for acute kidney injury. Its effects are more indirect unless associated with severe volume depletion or rhabdomyolysis. B. Dehydration: Dehydration leads to decreased intravascular volume and reduced renal perfusion, which can result in prerenal acute kidney injury. Prolonged hypoperfusion may progress to intrinsic renal damage if not corrected promptly. C. Nephrotoxic medications: Certain medications such as NSAIDs, aminoglycosides, and contrast agents can directly damage renal tubular cells or alter renal blood flow. These agents are well-established direct causes of intrinsic acute kidney injury. D. Regular exercise: Regular physical activity supports overall cardiovascular and renal health and is not associated with causing acute kidney injury. Only extreme exertion leading to rhabdomyolysis would pose a risk, which is not typical of routine exercise. E. Sepsis: Sepsis causes systemic vasodilation, inflammation, and impaired perfusion, leading to decreased renal blood flow and direct cellular injury. It is one of the most common and severe causes of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients. F. Hypertension: Chronic hypertension can damage renal vasculature over time, reducing kidney function and increasing susceptibility to acute kidney injury. It predisposes the kidneys to further injury during acute stress or illness. G. Low protein intake: Low protein intake does not directly cause acute kidney injury and is sometimes recommended in chronic kidney disease to reduce renal workload. It is not considered a direct risk factor for AKI development.