The nurse is providing health promotion teaching to a patient who is at risk for developing end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following does the nurse include when discussing primary prevention of ESRD?

A. Take medications as prescribed for diabetes: Adherence to diabetic medications is considered secondary prevention because it aims to control an existing condition (diabetes) to prevent complications such as ESRD. It does not prevent the initial development of risk factors. B. Maintain a healthy blood pressure: Maintaining blood pressure within normal limits is a primary prevention strategy because it reduces the risk of developing hypertension-related kidney damage before any renal impairment occurs. Controlling blood pressure prevents stress on glomeruli, preserves nephron function, and lowers the likelihood of progression to ESRD. C. Get regular kidney function tests: Regular kidney function monitoring is a secondary prevention measure, as it detects early kidney damage for timely intervention. It does not prevent the initial occurrence of risk factors that lead to ESRD. D. Limit sodium intake in the diet: Limiting dietary sodium can help manage existing hypertension, making it primarily a secondary prevention strategy. While it supports kidney health, it addresses a modifiable risk factor after hypertension is present rather than preventing ESRD from occurring initially.