The nurse prepares to teach a diabetic client with stage 3 chronic renal failure. Which topics should the nurse include in the teaching

Rationale: A. In stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD), the focus is on preserving remaining kidney function. Dietary modifications (controlled protein, potassium, and fluid intake) and management of hypertension and blood glucose are essential strategies to slow disease progression and prevent complications. B. Patient education should emphasize risk reduction, including regular monitoring of blood pressure, blood glucose, and avoidance of medications that can harm the kidneys (e.g., NSAIDs, certain antibiotics). Early identification of complications helps delay progression to advanced stages. C. These interventions are relevant to later stages (stage 4–5) of CKD, not stage 3. At this stage, the client is typically managed conservatively with lifestyle modifications and medical management. D. Discussing renal replacement therapy or end-of-life care is premature for stage 3 CKD. The focus at this stage is on preventing further kidney damage and managing comorbidities.