The nurse reviews the history and physical and nurses' notes to determine risk factors for this client.Which potential issue(s) place the client at risk? Select all that apply.
Explanation & Rationale
Choice A rationaleGravida 4 para 3 indicates a history of multiple pregnancies and deliveries, which can increase the risk of uterine atony, postpartum hemorrhage, and placental issues. This client’s obstetric history makes her high-risk due to potential complications associated with multiparity.Choice B rationaleA fetal heart rate of 136 to 142 beats/minute is within the normal range for a fetus, indicating good fetal well-being. This data point does not place the client at increased risk.Choice C rationaleVariable decelerations to 120 beats/minute lasting 20 seconds suggest umbilical cord compression, which can lead to fetal hypoxia if persistent and untreated. Variable decelerations are an indicator of potential fetal distress, making this a significant risk factor.Choice D rationaleA gestation of 37-weeks, 1-day is considered term, and while there may be some risks associated with early-term delivery, this data point alone does not significantly increase risk in a low-risk pregnancy.Choice E rationaleA pain rating of 5 on a 0 to 10 pain scale with each contraction is indicative of moderate pain, which is expected during labor. Pain severity alone does not increase the client's risk for complications.Choice F rationaleA vaginal exam showing 4 cm dilation, 50% effacement, and -3 station indicates early labor. However, the -3 station suggests that the fetus is still high in the pelvis, which can be a concern if there is prolonged labor or failure to progress.Choice G rationaleContractions every 3 to 4 minutes, moderate to palpation, are consistent with active labor and are not indicative of an increased risk for complications in this context.Choice H rationaleAn A-blood type and receiving Rh(D) immune globulin address Rh incompatibility and prevention of hemolytic disease in the newborn. This data point does not place the client at increased risk.