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    Advanced Health Assessment Proctored Exam 3

    The nurse shines a light into a patient's right eye, and the pupil constricts. If the patient has a normal consensual reaction, what will the nurse observe?

    Explanation & Rationale

    A. Convergence of both eyes towards the nose: Convergence is a motor response where the extraocular muscles pull the eyes medially to focus on a near object. It is part of the accommodation reflex, not the direct or consensual reaction to a light stimulus. B. Pupil convergence in the left eye: Convergence refers to the movement of the eyeball itself toward the midline, not a change in the diameter of the pupil. Pupils constrict or dilate; they do not "converge." This term is misused in the context of pupillary response. C. Pupil constriction in the left eye: A normal consensual reaction occurs when the left pupil constricts simultaneously with the right pupil being stimulated by light. This confirms that the reflex arc is intact across the midbrain, allowing for bilateral pupillary adjustment to unilateral stimuli. D. No change in the left pupil: If the left pupil fails to react when light is shone in the right eye, it indicates a deficit in the consensual reflex. This could signify damage to the optic nerve, the oculomotor nerve, or the brainstem pathways responsible for bilateral miosis.

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