The PMHNP is conducting a Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) on an 82-year-old man. The client scores 15. What does this score indicate?

Choice A reason: Mild impairment typically corresponds to MMSE scores of 21–24, so a score of 15 is below this range. Choice B reason: This choice is correct because MMSE scores between 10–20 indicate moderate cognitive impairment. A score of 15 suggests the patient has noticeable deficits in memory, orientation, and attention that require assistance in daily functioning. Choice C reason: Severe impairment is indicated by MMSE scores below 10, reflecting profound cognitive deficits and likely complete dependence in activities of daily living. Choice D reason: Normal cognitive function is reflected by MMSE scores above 24, so a score of 15 clearly indicates significant cognitive decline.