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    HESI LPN EXIT TEST 11 PROCTORED EXAM

    The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a newborn whose mother has poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus and observes the newborn is grunting with mild sternal retractions. The PN should recognize the newborn is exhibiting signs of which condition?

    Explanation & Rationale

    A. Grunting and sternal retractions in a newborn of a mother with poorly controlled diabetes could indicate hyperinsulinemia, where the baby is experiencing hypoglycemia due to high insulin levels passed from the mother during gestation. B. Ventral septal defect (VSD) is a congenital heart defect that typically doesn't present with grunting and sternal retractions. C. Hypothyroidism is unlikely to cause grunting and sternal retractions in a newborn and usually manifests differently. D. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a heart condition in newborns that might present with other signs such as a heart murmur but is not typically associated with grunting and sternal retractions.

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