Use the chart to indicate if the listed symptom or finding is consistent with gastroenteritis, appendicitis, or ectopic pregnancy. Each column must have at least one response selected.
Explanation & Rationale
Fever: Fever is commonly present in inflammatory or infectious conditions. In gastroenteritis, fever may occur due to systemic infection or viral/bacterial inflammation. In appendicitis, fever often develops as a response to localized infection and inflammation in the appendix. Ectopic pregnancy does not typically present with fever unless secondary infection or rupture occurs. Tachycardia: Tachycardia occurs as a physiologic response to pain, fluid loss, or early shock. Ectopic pregnancy can cause tachycardia if bleeding leads to hypovolemia. Appendicitis pain and systemic inflammatory response also elevate heart rate. Vomiting: Vomiting is a common symptom of gastroenteritis due to irritation of the gastrointestinal tract. In appendicitis, vomiting occurs as part of the body’s response to severe localized inflammation and peritoneal irritation. Ectopic pregnancy rarely causes vomiting unless associated with pain or hemodynamic instability. Diarrhea: Diarrhea is a hallmark symptom of gastroenteritis caused by viral, bacterial, or parasitic infection. Fluid and electrolyte loss through frequent loose stools distinguishes gastroenteritis from appendicitis or ectopic pregnancy. Appendicitis and ectopic pregnancy do not usually present with diarrhea. Abdominal pain: Abdominal pain is a primary symptom of both appendicitis and ectopic pregnancy. In appendicitis, pain typically starts periumbilical and localizes to the right lower quadrant. In ectopic pregnancy, pain often presents in the lower abdomen or pelvis and may be unilateral, associated with rupture or tubal distention. Nausea: Nausea accompanies both gastroenteritis and appendicitis due to gastrointestinal irritation or visceral pain. Gastroenteritis-induced nausea is often associated with vomiting and systemic symptoms. In appendicitis, nausea occurs as part of the inflammatory response and peritoneal irritation. Ectopic pregnancy may cause nausea if accompanied by hemodynamic instability, but it is not a defining symptom.