What are the hallmark symptoms of scoliosis? (Select all that apply)

Choice A reason: Unevenness in shoulders, hips, and ribs is a hallmark of scoliosis, resulting from lateral spinal curvature altering body alignment. This asymmetry, visible on physical exam, stems from vertebral rotation and is a key diagnostic feature, reflecting structural changes in the spine. Choice B reason: Asymmetry of the spine, seen as lateral deviation on imaging, is a defining feature of scoliosis. Vertebral misalignment causes visible deformities, like rib humps, due to rotational forces, making this a primary symptom used in diagnosis and severity assessment. Choice C reason: Curvature of the spine itself is the core characteristic of scoliosis, measured by Cobb’s angle on X-rays. This lateral deviation, often idiopathic, distinguishes scoliosis from normal spinal alignment, making it a fundamental symptom for diagnosis and treatment planning. Choice D reason: Insomnia is not a hallmark of scoliosis. While severe scoliosis may cause discomfort affecting sleep, it is not a primary symptom. Scoliosis primarily involves structural spinal changes, not neurological or psychological effects like insomnia, making this choice incorrect. Choice E reason: Decreased appetite is not associated with scoliosis. Scoliosis affects spinal alignment, not metabolic or gastrointestinal functions. Appetite changes may occur in other conditions but are not a hallmark of scoliosis’s musculoskeletal presentation, making this choice irrelevant.