What is a collapsed lung caused by escape of air into the pleural cavity called?

A. Pneumothorax – A pneumothorax is a collapsed lung that occurs when air escapes into the pleural space, disrupting the pressure balance and causing lung collapse. B. Pulmonary edema – Pulmonary edema is the accumulation of fluid in the lungs, typically due to heart failure, not air in the pleural space. C. Bronchiectasis – This is a chronic condition involving permanent dilation of the bronchi due to repeated infections and inflammation, not collapse from air leakage. D. Emphysema – Emphysema is a form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that involves the destruction of alveoli, leading to air trapping—not lung collapse from air in the pleural cavity.