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    Ati 0926 beg med surg proctored exam

    What is the first line treatment for severe hypoglycemia when a patient is unconscious?

    Explanation & Rationale

    Rationale: A. Initiate an insulin infusion: Insulin lowers blood glucose levels and would worsen hypoglycemia. It is contraindicated in this situation and never used as treatment for low blood sugar. B. Administer oral glucose tablets: Oral glucose is effective only if the patient is awake, alert, and able to swallow safely. An unconscious patient cannot take anything orally due to aspiration risk, making this inappropriate. C. Administer 50% dextrose (D50) injection: Intravenous dextrose is the first-line treatment for severe hypoglycemia in an unconscious patient because it rapidly restores blood glucose. It works immediately and is the safest and most effective emergency intervention. D. Provide glucagon injection: Glucagon can be used when IV access is unavailable, as it stimulates glycogenolysis in the liver. However, its effect is slower compared to IV dextrose, which is why glucagon is considered a secondary option rather than the first-line treatment.

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