What nutritional intervention is beneficial for older adults experiencing constipation?

A. Ensure adequate hydration and fiber intake: Adequate fluid intake softens stool, while dietary fiber increases stool bulk and promotes peristalsis. Together, they are first-line nutritional strategies for preventing and managing constipation in older adults. B. Increase intake of refined grains: Refined grains lack fiber, which slows bowel transit and worsens constipation. Whole grains are preferred because they provide insoluble fiber that supports regular bowel movements. C. Reduce dietary fiber intake: Lowering fiber intake would further impair bowel motility and stool formation, increasing the risk of constipation rather than alleviating it. Older adults typically require higher fiber intake unless contraindicated. D. Consume more dairy products: Excess dairy, particularly cheese and whole milk, can contribute to constipation due to low fiber and high fat content. While dairy provides calcium and protein, it is not recommended as a constipation management strategy.