Which NSAID is commonly used for mild to moderate pain management and requires monitoring for potential gastrointestinal bleeding?

Choice A reason: Hydrocodone is an opioid analgesic, not an NSAID. While effective for moderate to severe pain, it carries risks such as respiratory depression, dependence, and constipation. It does not cause gastrointestinal bleeding in the same way NSAIDs do. Choice B reason: Ketorolac is a potent NSAID used for short-term management of moderate to severe pain, often postoperatively. It is associated with a significant risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, especially when used beyond the recommended duration (typically no more than 5 days). It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, which compromises gastric mucosal protection, making monitoring essential. Choice C reason: Morphine is a strong opioid analgesic used for severe pain. It does not belong to the NSAID class and does not pose a direct risk for gastrointestinal bleeding. Its adverse effects are more related to sedation, respiratory depression, and constipation. Choice D reason: Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid used for severe pain, particularly in chronic or cancer-related cases. It is not an NSAID and does not cause gastrointestinal bleeding. Its risks include profound respiratory depression and overdose potential.