Which of the following antibiotics is known for its potential to cause nephrotoxicity?
Explanation & Rationale
A. Levofloxacin: This fluoroquinolone antibiotic is primarily associated with side effects such as tendon rupture, QT prolongation, and central nervous system disturbances. Nephrotoxicity is not a common adverse effect of levofloxacin. B. Ofloxacin: Also a fluoroquinolone, ofloxacin has similar side effects to levofloxacin, including gastrointestinal upset and neurologic symptoms. It is not linked to significant nephrotoxicity compared to aminoglycosides. C. Ceftriaxone: This cephalosporin antibiotic is generally well tolerated and not strongly associated with nephrotoxicity. It may cause biliary sludging or gastrointestinal issues but rarely causes renal injury. D. Gentamicin: Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside, is well known for its risk of nephrotoxicity due to accumulation in renal tubules. It can cause acute tubular necrosis, particularly with prolonged use or high doses, making it the most nephrotoxic option listed.