Which of the following are common side effects of anticonvulsant medications such as Gabapentin (Neurontin) or Pregabalin (Lyrica)? SELECT THREE

A. Hyperactivity: Gabapentin and pregabalin act on calcium channels to reduce neuronal excitability, which generally produces CNS depression rather than stimulation. Hyperactivity is not a typical side effect and is uncommon in clinical use. B. Sedation: Both medications frequently cause drowsiness or fatigue due to their central nervous system depressant effects. Sedation is dose-dependent and may be more pronounced when therapy is initiated or combined with other CNS depressants. C. Nausea: Gastrointestinal upset, including nausea, is a common adverse effect of gabapentin and pregabalin. This may occur due to direct effects on the gut or central modulation of the vomiting center. Symptoms often improve with gradual dose titration. D. Weight gain: Both gabapentin and pregabalin are associated with increased appetite and weight gain. The mechanism involves metabolic changes and CNS-mediated appetite stimulation, making weight monitoring important during chronic therapy.