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    NURS_533-01_SU25 Pediatric Final Proctored Exam

    Which of the following cardiac defects is NOT present in an infant presenting with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)?

    Explanation & Rationale

    Rationale: A. Overriding Aorta: This is one of the four hallmark defects in Tetralogy of Fallot, where the aorta is positioned directly over the ventricular septal defect, allowing oxygen-poor blood to flow into systemic circulation. B. Right Ventricular Hypertrophy: This occurs due to increased workload from pulmonic stenosis and ventricular septal defect, causing the right ventricle to thicken, and is a key feature of TOF. C. Left Ventricular aneurysm: This is not associated with Tetralogy of Fallot. It is a localized outpouching or thinning of the left ventricular wall and is unrelated to the structural defects seen in TOF. D. Pulmonic Stenosis: Narrowing of the pulmonary valve or artery restricts blood flow to the lungs and is one of the defining components of TOF. E. Ventricular Septal Defect: A large hole between the right and left ventricles allows mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood and is one of the four defects in TOF.

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