Which of the following drugs would most likely be on the Beer's List? (Select All that Apply.)

A. Ibuprofen: NSAIDs such as ibuprofen are on the Beers List due to the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, renal impairment, and hypertension in older adults. Safer alternatives are recommended when possible. B. Diazepam: Long-acting benzodiazepines like diazepam are included because they increase the risk of sedation, confusion, and falls in older adults. Shorter-acting agents or nonpharmacologic approaches are preferred. C. Warfarin: Warfarin is not broadly listed as inappropriate but requires careful monitoring of INR and diet. It is often necessary for anticoagulation and is not automatically contraindicated for older adults. D. Digoxin: Digoxin is on the Beers List at doses greater than 0.125 mg/day due to the risk of toxicity, particularly with reduced renal clearance in older adults. Lower doses or alternatives are often considered safer. E. Metformin: Metformin is not on the Beers List and is commonly used safely in older adults, except in cases of severe renal impairment where lactic acidosis risk is increased. It is generally a preferred first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes.