Which of the following is true about Levodopa? SELECT TWO
Explanation & Rationale
A. It cannot cross the blood-brain barrier unless given with Dopamine: Dopamine itself cannot cross the blood-brain barrier, which is why levodopa is used. Levodopa can cross the barrier independently; it does not require exogenous dopamine to enter the CNS. B. It should not be given in patients with a history of hypertension: Hypertension is not an absolute contraindication for levodopa. Caution is warranted with orthostatic hypotension, but a history of controlled hypertension does not preclude its use. C. It is the most effective treatment for symptomatic relief of Parkinson's Disease: Levodopa remains the gold-standard therapy for controlling motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor. Its efficacy in improving quality of life and daily functioning is well established. D. It is given with Carbidopa to limit peripheral breakdown of levodopa: Carbidopa inhibits peripheral decarboxylation of levodopa, increasing the amount that reaches the brain and reducing peripheral side effects such as nausea and hypotension. This combination optimizes therapeutic benefit and tolerability.