Which of the following therapies is time-limited, focused on the present, and is effective for adults and adolescents?

Choice A reason: Humanistic or person-centered therapy emphasizes empathy, unconditional positive regard, and self-actualization. It is typically non-directive and open-ended, focusing on the client’s subjective experience rather than structured goals or time limits. It is not primarily focused on present-day functioning or symptom relief. Choice B reason: Interpersonal therapy is time-limited and focuses on interpersonal relationships and social functioning, particularly in the context of depression. While it is effective and present-focused, it is more narrowly targeted than cognitive behavioral therapy and less commonly used across a broad range of disorders. Choice C reason: Existential therapy explores philosophical questions about meaning, freedom, and isolation. It is not time-limited and tends to be abstract and introspective, making it less structured and less focused on immediate symptom relief. Choice D reason: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a structured, time-limited therapy that focuses on identifying and changing maladaptive thoughts and behaviors. It is highly effective for both adults and adolescents and is widely used for anxiety, depression, phobias, and other disorders. CBT emphasizes present-focused strategies and measurable outcomes.