While a patient is receiving hemodialysis, which of the following finding are most concerning?
Explanation & Rationale
A. Blood pressure 89/60 is correct because hypotension is a common and serious complication during hemodialysis. Rapid removal of fluid from the vascular system can lead to decreased perfusion to vital organs, including the heart and brain, and may result in dizziness, syncope, or shock. This requires immediate nursing intervention, such as slowing or pausing ultrafiltration, administering IV fluids, and monitoring hemodynamic status. B. Urine output >300 mL/24 hr is incorrect because this indicates some residual kidney function, which is expected in many dialysis patients, especially those with acute kidney injury or partial chronic kidney disease. It is not acutely concerning. C. HR 100 is incorrect because mild tachycardia can be a compensatory response to fluid shifts or stress during dialysis, but it is less immediately dangerous than hypotension. Continuous monitoring is appropriate. D. Productive cough is incorrect because while respiratory assessment is important, a cough does not represent an immediate hemodynamic threat during dialysis unless associated with pulmonary edema or hypoxia.