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    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is educating a patient who was admitted with a blood glucose level of 580 mg/dL on how to prevent complications related to diabetes mellitus. Which statement, if made by the patient, would indicate that they have understood the teaching?
      A)Check blood sugar levels every four to six hours every day.
      B)Keep diabetic medication on schedule as prescribed.
      C)Restrict alcoholic beverages to no more than 1-2 per week.
      D)Limit maximum daily fat intake to 15% of total calories.
    2. The nurse identifies several nursing problems for an older adult client with gastroenteritis who is experiencing fever, chills, anorexia, and diarrhea. The client has a history of a stroke with left-sided hemiplegia and is dependent on care provided by the spouse. Which problem should the nurse determine has the highest priority?
      A)Fluid volume deficit.
      B)Impaired bed mobility.
      C)Caregiver role strain.
      D)Bowel incontinence.
    3. A client with a history of adrenal insufficiency is admitted to the intensive care unit with an acute adrenal crisis. The client is complaining of nausea and joint pain. Vital signs are: temperature 102° F (38.9° C), heart rate 138 beats/minute, blood pressure 80/60 mm Hg. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
      A)Obtain an analgesic prescription.
      B)Infuse an intravenous fluid bolus.
      C)Administer PRN oral antipyretic.
      D)Cover client with a cooling blanket.
    4. The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure. Which of these prescribed medications places the client at risk for cardiogenic shock?
      A)Nadolol.
      B)Captopril.
      C)Digoxin.
      D)Hydrochlorothiazide.
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    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client with acute gastritis caused by drinking contaminated water. The nurse should emphasize the need to report the onset of which problem?
      A)Abdominal cramping.
      B)Bruising of the skin.
      C)Low-grade fever.
      D)Bloody emesis.
    2. A 10-year-old child with pneumonia is receiving oxygen at 5 L/minute via a nasal cannula. When planning care for this child, what principle of oxygen administration should the nurse keep in mind?
      A)Avoid administering oxygen at high levels for extended periods.
      B)Increase the oxygen rate during sleep to compensate for a slower respiratory rate.
      C)Taking a sedative at bedtime slows the respiratory rate, which decreases oxygen needs.
      D)Oxygen is less toxic when it is humidified with a hydration source.
    3. While conducting an admission assessment of a female client with bipolar disorder, the client suddenly starts to undress and throw her clothes around the room. What should be the nurse’s initial action?
      A)Switch to less anxiety-provoking Questions.
      B)Ignore the client’s inappropriate behavior.
      C)Leave the client’s room so she can act out her anxiety.
      D)State that it is unacceptable to undress during the interview.
    4. A client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is receiving an IV infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride and insulin. Two hours later, the client’s serum laboratory results show a decrease in the serum blood glucose from 580 to 430 mg/dL (32.2 to 23.86 mmol/L). What additional laboratory result is most important for the nurse to monitor?
      A)Serum sodium.
      B)Serum potassium.
      C)Blood urea nitrogen (BUN).
      D)Urine ketones.
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    Exam Review

    1. A client is experiencing severe agitation and tremors due to withdrawal from the benzodiazepine alprazolam. What is the best initial nursing action?
      A)Obtain a serum drug screen.
      B)Administer naloxone per PRN protocol.
      C)Initiate seizure precautions.
      D)Instruct the family about withdrawal symptoms.
    2. A client weighing 198 lbs is prescribed Dopamine hydrochloride IV at 2 mcg/kg/minute to promote renal perfusion. The pharmacy provides a pre-mixed bag of dopamine containing 400 mg in 250 mL dextrose 5% in water (D5W). An IV pump that provides a precision infusion rate to a tenth of a mL is available. How many mL/hour should the IV pump be set to deliver? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)
    3. A client with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the left leg is on a heparin protocol. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in this client’s plan of care?
      A)Observe for bleeding side effects related to heparin therapy.
      B)Encourage mobilization to prevent pulmonary embolism.
      C)Assess blood pressure and heart rate at least every 4 hours.
      D)Measure each calf’s girth to evaluate edema in the affected leg.
    4. A client who weighs 176 pounds is prescribed enoxaparin sodium 1.5 mg/kg/day subcutaneously. The medication is available in a 120 mg/0.8 mL prefilled syringe. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Enter numerical value only.)
    Page 3 of 30

    Exam Review

    1. A client who is hypotensive is receiving dopamine, an adrenergic agonist, intravenously (IV) at the rate of 8 mg/kg/min. Which intervention should the nurse implement while administering this medication?
      A)Initiate seizure precautions.
      B)Assess pupillary response to light hourly.
      C)Measure urinary output every hour.
      D)Monitor serum potassium frequently.
    2. In the context of caring for a client diagnosed with psoriasis, which action by the nurse would address the client’s psychosocial need for acceptance?
      A)Allowing the client to express their feelings.
      B)Wearing gloves during the client interview.
      C)Offering a handshake during introductions.
      D)Encouraging the client to join a support group.
    3. A child with an Escherichia coli urinary tract infection is receiving a secondary infusion of gentamicin 60 mg every 8 hours IV, which is to be infused over 30 minutes. The medication is delivered by the pharmacy diluted in a 50 ml bag of saline. What should be the infusion pump’s regulation in mL/hour? (Provide the numeric value only.)
    4. When formulating a nursing care plan for a client diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, which nursing problem should be given the highest priority?
      A)Risk for constipation due to immobility.
      B)Risk for aspiration due to muscle weakness.
      C)Impaired physical mobility due to muscle rigidity.
      D)Self-care deficit due to motor disturbance.
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    Exam Review

    1. A 35-year-old woman, who works as a legal secretary, visits the outpatient clinic for an assessment of consistent pain in her hands. She reports that the pain is identical in both hands and wrists but is worse upon waking. The pain and stiffness have persisted for the past 3 months. She believes she has arthritis because her mother and grandmother both have arthritis. Based on the data provided, determine the most likely condition the client is experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client’s progress.
      A)Osteoarthritis
      B)Rheumatoid Arthritis
      C)Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
      D)Gout
    2. A patient with pancreatic cancer develops ascites, and 2 liters of fluid are removed via paracentesis. What schedule should the nurse follow to monitor the patient’s blood pressure after this procedure?
      A)Every 1 hour for 2 hours.
      B)Every 5 minutes for one hour.
      C)Every 15 minutes for one hour, then every 1 hour for 2 hours.
      D)Every 5 minutes for 30 minutes, then every 4 hours thereafter.
    3. The nurse is educating a first-time pregnant woman about preeclampsia. Which symptoms are indicators of preeclampsia and should be reported to the healthcare provider? Select all that apply.(SATA)
      A)Chills and fever.
      B)Lack of appetite.
      C)Swollen hands.
      D)Headache.
      E)Blurred vision.
      F)Frequent urination.
    4. An older adult patient arrives at the clinic reporting decreased strength in knees and handgrips. What action should the nurse include in a functional assessment of this patient?
      A)Inquire about the frequency of falls in recent months.
      B)Ask the patient how often episodes of sundowning are experienced.
      C)Assist the patient with clarifying values about end-of-life care options.
      D)Request the patient to lie as still as possible for the assessment.
    Page 5 of 30

    Exam Review

    1. Before inserting an indwelling urinary catheter, which information about the patient is most important for the nurse to obtain?
      A)Color, clarity, and odor of urine.
      B)Patient’s ability to increase fluid intake.
      C)Patient allergies to antiseptic solutions.
      D)Previous history of urinary tract infections.
    2. A nurse is attending to a patient who suddenly experiences numbness and weakness on the right side of their body, including their arm and leg. The nurse also observes a distinct droop on the right side of the patient’s face. After reporting these findings to the healthcare provider, the nurse receives several prescriptions for the patient, including an immediate CT scan of the head. What should be the nurse’s first course of action?
      A)Initiate two large-bore IV catheters and review the inclusion criteria for IV fibrinolytic therapy.
      B)Start continuous observation for transient episodes of neurologic dysfunction.
      C)Elevate the head of the bed to 30 degrees, keeping the head and neck in neutral alignment.
      D)Administer aspirin to prevent further clot formation and platelet aggregation.
    3. The nurse is preparing a dose of teriparatide for a patient. The medication is labeled as “750 mcg/2.4 mL”. How many mL should the nurse administer to deliver a dose of 60 mcg
    4. A first-time pregnant woman at 36 weeks of gestation is admitted to the labor and delivery unit because her membranes ruptured 30 minutes ago. The initial assessment indicates a 2 cm cervical dilation, 50% effacement, -2 station, vertex presentation, greenish- colored amniotic fluid, and contractions occurring every 3 to 5 minutes. There is a decrease in fetal heart rate after the last four contraction peaks. What should the nurse do first?
      A)Administer oxygen via a face mask.
      B)Apply an internal fetal heart monitor.
      C)Use a vibroacoustic stimulator.
      D)Notify the healthcare provider.
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