ATI Med Surg 2 Proctored Exam (anderson)
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ATI Med Surg 2 Proctored Exam (anderson)
A nurse is obtaining a health history from a client who has iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Explanation
A. Confusion is generally seen in cases of severe anemia or other types of anemia that affect the nervous system, such as vitamin B12 deficiency (pernicious anemia). In iron deficiency anemia, oxygen delivery to the brain is typically sufficient until anemia becomes very advanced, so cognitive changes like confusion are rare in early or moderate cases. B. Slurred speech is usually a manifestation of neurological impairment, such as stroke, brain injury, or certain neurodegenerative diseases. Iron deficiency anemia does not directly affect the brain or speech centers, so this would not be an expected finding. C. Fatigue is the most common and characteristic symptom of iron deficiency anemia. Iron is a critical component of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to tissues. When iron is deficient, hemoglobin production decreases, resulting in reduced oxygen transport. This leads to tissue hypoxia, causing clients to feel weak, tired, and lethargic, even with minimal exertion. Fatigue can be gradual and sometimes subtle but often affects daily activities and overall quality of life. D. Iron deficiency anemia does not typically cause pain. While clients may report generalized discomfort related to fatigue or exertion, sharp or localized pain is not a hallmark symptom of iron deficiency. Pain might be present if anemia is secondary to an underlying condition causing tissue injury or inflammation, but it is not directly caused by the anemia itself.