NursingPlex
    Sign In
    Review ModeExam ModePractice Mode

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is obtaining a health history from a client who has iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)Confusion
      B)Slurred speech
      C)Fatigue
      D)Pain
    2. A nurse is caring for a patient with respiratory distress and observes the use of accessory muscles during inspiration. Based on the understanding of respiratory mechanics, what is the primary physiological mechanism that facilitates air movement into the lungs during inspiration?
      A)Passive recoil of lung tissues expanding the thoracic cavity and drawing air in
      B)Relaxation of the diaphragm leading to increased intrathoracic pressure and passive air movement into the lungs
      C)Contraction of the diaphragm causing it to move downward and expansion of the chest cavity creating negative intrathoracic pressure
      D)Contraction of the abdominal muscles to push the diaphragm upward, forting air into the lungs
    3. A nurse is caring for a client who asks about the functions of the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
      A)These organs regulate electrolyte balance."
      B)These organs assist with vitamin absorption."
      C)"These organs are used in digestion."
      D)"These organs are for immunity"
    4. A nurse is collecting data on a client who has increased peripheral vascular resistance. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)Blood pressure 160/8 mm Hg
      B)Reduced cardiac output
      C)Pulse deficit of 14/min
      D)Respiratory race 10/min
    Page 1 of 15

    Exam Review

    1. A patient presents with a painful, swollen lump on the eyelid diagnosed as a hordeolum (stye). The nurse notes no systemic signs of infection. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize to effectively treat the hordeolum and promote healing?
      A)Advise the patient to wear eye patches to protect the area,
      B)Apply warm compresses to the affected eyelid several times a day to facilitate drainage.
      C)Clean the eyelid with antibacterial soap twice daily to eliminate bacteria.
      D)Administer oral antibiotics immediately to prevent the spread of infection
    2. A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. The client's oxygen saturation is 85%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
      A)Initiate humidification therapy.
      B)Raise the head of the bed.
      C)Give the patient an incentive spirometer
      D)Increase the client's oral fluid intake.
    3. A nurse is planning dietary education for a patient newly diagnosed with hypertension, Considering evidence-based dietary approaches, which diet should the nurse recommend to best manage the patient's blood pressure?
      A)A high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet to promote rapid weight loss.
      B)A diet high in saturated fats and refined sugars to increase calorie intake and energy
      C)A ketogenic diet focusing on very low carbohydrate and high fat intake.
      D)The DASH diet, emphasizing low sodium, high potassium, and low-fat dairy intake.
    4. A nurse is collecting data on a client who has bradycardia, Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)Fluid volume deficit
      B)Anxiety
      C)Elevated temperature
      D)Lightheadedness
    Page 2 of 15

    Exam Review

    1. An older adult patient exhibit decreased antidiuretic hormone (ADH) responsiveness due to age-related endocrine changes. Based on this alteration, which complication is the patient most at risk for?
      A)Dehydration
      B)Hyponatremia
      C)Fluid Overload
      D)Hypertension
    2. A nurse is collecting data for a middle aged client who has pyelonephritis. Which of the following finding should the nurse expect?
      A)Flank pain
      B)Hypotension
      C)Confusion
      D)Weight gain
    3. A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected hypocalcemia. How should the nurse use Chvostek's sign to guide further care?
      A)Apply pressure to the patient's Achilles tendon to check for muscle spasms related to calcium imbalance.
      B)Percuss the patient's lower leg to evaluate for muscle tenderness associated with electrolyte imbalance.
      C)Tap the patient's facial nerve near the cheekbone and observe for twitching of the facial muscles, indicating hypocalcemia
      D)Check the patient's pupil response to light to assess for neurological complications of hypocalcemia.
    4. A nurse is assisting in caring for an adolescent who has partial hearing loss and wears a hearing aid. Which of the following observations require further follow-up by the nurse? (Select All that Apply.)(SATA)
      A)The child frequently scratches around their hearing aid.
      B)The child requests a sign language interpreter for group conversations.
      C)Hearing a whistling sound coming from the child's hearing aid.
      D)The child uses closed captions while watching TV.
      E)The child reads lips when communicating with others.
    Page 3 of 15

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is collecting data from a 2-year-old toddler who has AIDS. The nurse should inspect inside the toddler's mouth for which of the following opportunistic infections?
      A)Koplik spots
      B)Gingivitis
      C)Candidiasis/Thrush
      D)Canker sores
    2. A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI), Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as unique for this age group?
      A)Incontinence
      B)Urinary retention
      C)Low back pain
      D)Confusion
    3. A patient has just undergone nasal septoplasty and is now in the post-operative care unit. Which nursing intervention should take priority to prevent complications related to increased intracranial pressure?
      A)Apply a warm compress to the nose to reduce swelling and promote comfort.
      B)Advise the patient to resume tooth brushing immediately to maintain oral hygiene and prevent infection
      C)Instruct the patient to blow their nose gently to clear nasal passages and promote drainage
      D)Encourage the patient to avoid bending at the waist and instead bend at the knees when picking up objects.
    4. A nurse is collecting data on a client who has hearing loss, Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing manifestations of Meniere's disease?
      A)"I often feel like I have cotton balls in my ears."
      B)"I can't get out of bed because the room is spinning"
      C)"Sometimes I feel slightly dizzy when I am in a loud restaurant
      D)"I did feel some fluid dripping from my ear when I laid down."
    Page 4 of 15

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is collecting data on a client who has mitral valve stenosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)Clubbing of the fingers
      B)Bradycardia
      C)Barrel chest
      D)Heart murmur
    2. A nurse is caring for a patient with a pancreatic tumor affecting the exocrine function. How should the nurse distinguish the functional difference between the pancreas' endocrine and exocrine glands when planning care?
      A)The endocrine gland releases digestive enzymes directly into the duodenum, while the exocrine gland secretes hormones like insulin into the bloodstream.
      B)Both endocrine and exocrine glands of the pancreas secrete hormones that regulate metabolism, but only the endocrine gland produces enzymes for digestion
      C)Exocrine glands secrete hormones systemically to regulate blood glucose, whereas endocrine glands release digestive enzymes locally into the gastrointestinal tract.
      D)The exocrine gland produces digestive enzymes into the duodenum, while the endocrine gland secretes hormones like insulin and glucagon directly into the bloodstream to regulate blood sugar levels.
    3. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client following a cataract extraction. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
      A)Seeing flashes of light is an expected finding following extraction
      B)Avoid bending at the waist.
      C)Remove the eye shield at bedtime.
      D)Limit the use of laxatives if constipated.
    4. A nurse is caring for a client who has thrombophlebitis and is receiving a continuous infusion of heparin. The client asks the nurse how long it will take for the heparin to dissolve the clot. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
      A)"The time it takes heparin to dissolve clots varies between clients."
      B)"The time it takes for heparin to dissolve a clot depends on the size of the clot."
      C)"It usually takes at least 2 to 3 days for heparin to dissolve a clot."
      D)"Heparin prevents new clots from forming rather than dissolving established clots."
    Page 5 of 15

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is assessing a pediatric patient with suspected endocrine dysfunction. Which statement best reflects an understanding of the role of the endocrine system in maintaining homeostasis and regulating body functions?
      A)It communicates with the body primarily through nerve impulses to regulate growth and metabolism.
      B)It relies solely on positive feedback mechanisms to control hormone release and body responses.
      C)It regulates body functions by secreting hormones from glands that target specific organs to maintain homeostasis and support growth, metabolism, and development.
      D)it produces digestive enzymes exclusively to aid in metabolism and nutrient absorption,
    2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) about prevention measures. Which of the following client statements indicates the need for further teaching?
      A)"I will need to wipe my perineal area from back to front after urination."
      B)"I should avoid taking bubble baths."
      C)"I will need to empty my bladder after having sexual intercourse."
      D)"I need to drink at least 8 full glasses of liquid each day."
    3. A nurse is discussing indications for urinary catheterization with a newly licensed nurse. Which of following indications should the nurse include? (Select all that apply)(SATA)
      A)Routine acquisition of a urine specimen
      B)Relief of urinary retention
      C)At End of Life as comfort for the patient.
      D)Convenience for the nursing staff or the client's family
      E)Presence of an open perineal wound
    4. A nurse is collecting data from a client who is having an acute asthma exacerbation. When auscultating the client's chest, the nurse should expect to hear which of the following sounds?
      A)Fine rales
      B)Expiratory wheeze
      C)Rhonchi
      D)Pleural friction rub
    Page 6 of 15